Francais | English | Espanõl

Toronto Pearson International Airport

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search
"YYZ" redirects here. For the Rush song named after this airport's VOR, see YYZ (song).
Lester B. Pearson International Airport
Toronto/Lester B. Pearson International Airport
200px
IATA: YYZ - ICAO: CYYZ
Summary

<tr><th colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Airport type</th><td colspan="2" valign="top">Public</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Operator</th><td colspan="2" valign="top">Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">Serves</th><td colspan="2" valign="top">Toronto, Ontario</td></tr>

Elevation AMSL 569 ft (173 m)
Coordinates 43°40′38″N, 079°37′50″W
Runways
Direction Length Surface
ft m
05/23 11,120 3,389 Asphalt/Concrete
15L/33R 11,050 3,368 Asphalt
06L/24R 9,697 2,956 Asphalt
15R/33L 9,088 2,770 Asphalt
06R/24L 9,000 2,743 Asphalt
Statistics (2005)
Number of Passengers 29,914,750<ref>Airports Council International 2005 final passenger traffic movments</ref>
Aircraft Movements 411,609<ref>Transport Canada 2005 aircraft movements final (PDF)</ref>

Toronto Pearson International Airport, or Toronto/Lester B. Pearson International Airport (IATA: YYZ, ICAO: CYYZ), straddling Mississauga's northeastern boundary with neighbouring Toronto, is Canada's busiest airport and part of the National Airports System. In 2005 the airport was ranked 29th among the world's busiest airports, handling 29.9 million passengers and the 23rd busiest airport for aircraft movements with 409,401<ref>Airports Council International 2005 final traffic movments</ref>. The airport serves the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) and is the primary hub for Air Canada. Formerly run by Transport Canada, Toronto Pearson International Airport is now run by a non-profit agency called the Greater Toronto Airports Authority.

Contents

[edit] History

The airport first opened in 1939 as Malton Airport. It was renamed Toronto International Airport in 1960, and then to Lester B. Pearson International Airport (LBPIA) in 1984 in honour of Lester B. Pearson, Canada's 14th prime minister. On December 2, 1996, operational control of the airport passed from the Government of Canada to the Greater Toronto Airports Authority (GTAA) as part of the National Airports Policy. The full name of the airport, according to the GTAA, is now "Toronto Pearson International Airport", but it is also sometimes simply called "Pearson." News media and travel agents typically refer to the airport as "Lester B. Pearson International Airport."

In 1972, the Canadian government expropriated land east of Toronto for a second major airport, Pickering Airport, to relieve congestion at (then) Toronto International. The project was postponed in 1975 due partly to community opposition, but GTAA revived the plans in 2004.

After the September 11, 2001 attacks, Toronto Pearson was part of Operation Yellow Ribbon, as it received 19 of the diverted flights that were coming into the United States, even though Transport Canada and NAV CANADA instructed pilots to avoid the airport as a security measure.

In 1981, the Canadian Rock group Rush developed an instrumental titled "YYZ" in tribute to the airport.

In 2006, Toronto Pearson International Airport selected as the "Best Global Airport 2006" by the Institute of Transport Management (ITM).<ref>Greater Toronto Airport Authority - Toronto Pearson Voted "Best Global Airport 2006" by the Institute of Transport Management - Oct 30, 2006</ref> The ITM is an organization formed in the United Kingdom in 1977 with the express aim of providing further education and information to transport managers.

The award is granted on the basis of the ITM's annual aviation research program, conducted by the Institute's research team, that sets out each year to establish which airport has demonstrated the political leadership and commitment backed by considerable investment. The ITM noted that Toronto Pearson has become a growing force within North America, and wider destinations, for its excellent facilities and customer focused attitude towards passengers. In making its decision, the ITM Awards Committee commented that Toronto Pearson's strong management structure has enabled the airport to meet current industry demands through its high operational standards and focus on service excellence. They also praised many other facets of the GTAA's operations and the fact that the GTAA has positioned Toronto Pearson to handle the challenges that lie ahead because of its foresight.

[edit] Location and access

Pearson Airport is located about 32 km (20 miles) west of downtown Toronto. Most of Pearson (including its passenger terminals and airplane facilities) is in Mississauga, but a small eastern portion of land is located in Toronto. The airport is accessible from Highway 427 (just north of the Highway 401 interchange) or from Highway 409, a spur off Highway 401 leading directly into the airport. Each terminal can be accessed by three access roads, one access road per terminal.

Bus services connecting Toronto to Pearson Airport include Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) routes, The 192 Airport Rocket route provides all-day accessible express bus service between Kipling Station on the Bloor-Danforth Subway and Pearson Airport. Route The 58A Malton route provides all-day bus service between Lawrence West Station on the Spadina Subway and Pearson Airport. This route also continues beyond the airport to Malton. The following 2 routes are available between the (approximate) hours of 2:00 AM and 6:00 AM daily. The 300A Bloor-Danforth route provides overnight bus service along Danforth Avenue and Bloor Street to Pearson Airport. The 307 Eglinton West route provides overnight bus service between Yonge Street & Eglinton Avenue and Pearson Airport. GO Transit operates a semi-express bus from York Mills and Yorkdale stations, and there is a privately operated "Airport Express" bus serving various major downtown hotels. Mississauga Transit operates a city bus from the Square One Shopping Centre in Mississauga's city centre, likewise continuing on to Malton.

In July 2006, the LINK Interterminal Shuttle people mover was opened, with two 6-car trains running between Terminals 1 and 3, and a reduced rate and airport staff parking lot on the other side of Airport Road at Viscount Drive.

[edit] Blue22 dedicated rail link

Although the airport is near an existing railway line, it is not currently served by trains. On November 13, 2003, Union Pearson AirLink Group, a subsidiary of SNC-Lavalin, was selected to finance, design, construct, operate, and maintain a rail link connecting Pearson with Toronto's Union Station, with a planned travel time of about twenty minutes. The service, to be called Blue22, is expected to eliminate 1.5 million car trips annually. The project, whose cost is estimated at $300-500 million, remains controversial, as only 17% of people using Pearson now travel to downtown Toronto.

Travellers headed to suburban destinations will be able to use the service to connect to GO Transit commuter trains at Union Station, but early analyses predict that this will be considered unattractive to most, since people will need to take a train from the airport's suburban location to downtown, only to have to transfer to another train to go back to the suburbs. Its usefulness to travellers not headed downtown may increase, however, if a stop is created at the existing Bloor GO Train station, allowing people to transfer to the TTC subway at its nearby Dundas West station. The traffic on the Canadian National Railway Weston Subdivision caused by the Blue22 service would increase to the point where the level crossings would need to be dismantled (as per Ministry of Transportation and railroad regulatory guidelines). Due to the tight geography of the area, underpasses replacing the level crossings are not feasible options. Residents along the proposed route are concerned that the closure of the level crossings will cut their community in two - hindering business and travel in the area.

The Weston Road railway corridor is very busy as it is, home to both the CN Weston Subdivision (a main GO Transit route handling all-day GO Train service between Toronto and Brampton) and the Canadian Pacific Railway Mactier Subdivision (CP Rail's only link to Western Canada from Toronto and a busy freight route). While the addition of the Blue22 service would be of benefit to the airport, the Weston Road residents feel the benefits don't outweigh the needs of their community.

[edit] Accidents

  • The airport's worst accident took place on July 5, 1970, when Air Canada Flight 621, a DC-8 jet, was flying on a Montreal-Toronto-Los Angeles route. The spoilers were inadvertently deployed before the plane attempted landing, forcing the pilots to abort landing and take-off. Damage to the aircraft caused during the failed landing attempt cause the plane to break up in the air during the go-around, killing all 100 passengers and nine crew on board when it crashed near the Hunters Glen Golf Course south of Bolton.

The Etobicoke Creek ravine is very close to the west end of the airport. As it is in the runway overshoot zone and has been involved in two major accidents, there have been calls for the ravine to be improved for safety, perhaps by replacing it with a culvert and levelling the terrain. No doubt this would be an extremely expensive undertaking and it remains to be seen what (if anything) will be done. Opponents of the plan point out that if the ravine is replaced by a culvert, an aircraft that overshoots the end of the culvert may end up in Highway 401, North America's busiest highway, on the southern border of the airport. This adds a complexity to the design of any culvert, particularly one for Runway 24L.

[edit] Terminals and airlines

Image:Pearson-hall.JPG

Toronto Pearson International Airport currently has three operating terminals: Terminal 1, Terminal 2, and Terminal 3. T1 opened on April 6, 2004, with Air Canada being its major tenant. The old Terminal 1, which closed simultaneously, was demolished to make room for additional gates that extend off of the East side of Pier E and gates on the Liner between Pier E and Pier F. As part of the T1-New works the Infield Terminal (IFT) was constructed handling mainly Star Alliance (mainly Air Canada) flights. The rest of 'Stage 2' of Terminal 1 is scheduled to open in January of 2007; this stage is the East and West sides of Pier F and Hammerhead F. In 2005, the western portion of Terminal 2 was torn down, and may eventually be replaced with a new pier (Pier G) extending from T1. By 2008, Terminal 2 will be completely torn down and by 2015, Toronto Pearson will then consist of T1 and Terminal 3, capable of handling up to 50 million passengers annually. There are also plans to tear down Terminal 3 by 2020, and expand T1. If this happens, then Toronto Pearson will only consist of T1-New, capable of handling up to 65 million + passengers per year. Construction overall is complicated by the fact that the existing airport terminals are slowly being dismantled while the new one takes it's place in the same physical space, and switching over active day-to-day operations.

Toronto Pearson International Airport is one of 8 Canadian Airports that has US Border Pre-clearance facilities.

The LINK Interterminal Shuttle links the variouse terminals either by shuttle bus or the LINK peoplemover. The peoplemover opened in July 2006[1]. Infield terminal transfers are made by Contrac Cobus 3000 shuttle buses.

[edit] Malton Airport Terminal

The first airport terminal was built in 1938 by the Toronto Harbour Commission and consisted of a standard frame terminal building from a converted farm house. The original airport covered 420 acres with full lighting, radio, weather reporting equipment, two hard surface runways and one grass landing strip.

The airport was sold to the City of Toronto in 1940 and used as a military training airport. In 1942 air traffic control centre was added to Malton.

A second building, similar to the existing structure at the Toronto City Centre Airport, was built to replace the old terminal in 1949 and was able to handle 400,000 passengers a year. It was demolished in the late 1960s to make way for the old T1 building. In 1958 Transport Canada took control over Toronto Airport from the City.

The runways for Malton consisted of:

  • 14-32 - a 3,368 metres runway used for test flights for the Avro Arrow fighter from the A.V Roe Canada plant and now exists only as a taxiway to 05/23
  • 14-32 - 11,475 feet north south runway - replaced by 15-33R
  • 10-28 - 7425 feet northwest to southeast runway

[edit] Old Terminal 1

The original T1 or Aeroquay One was a round 10 floor structure with a two level passenger area. The squared parking structure was located in the middle and access via a spiral ramp. Since it was possible to jump onto the roof of parked airplanes from the parking garage, parts of the garage were closed after the September 11th terrorist attacks. It was designed by John Burnett Parkin and built between 1957 and 1964. State of the art in the 1960s, the terminal was obsolete by the early 1970s and resulted in the building of Terminal 2 in 1968. The Aeroquay has since been demolished to make way for the new T1.

Statistics for Aeroquay One:

  • Airlines: 10 (1967), 100 (lifetime)
  • Passengers per hour: 1400
  • Passengers per year: 3.5 million (1967), 10 million (1988-1989)
  • Total Passengers (1964-2003): 218 million
  • Gates: 24

[edit] Infield Terminal (IFT)

Constructed during 2001/02 to handle traffic displaced during the Terminal 1 development. Consists of 11 gates (521 to 531) used by Star Alliance (mainly Air Canada) International flights. Contains retail and catering outlets and an Air Canada Maple Leaf Lounge. Reached by a bus shuttle initially from Gate GG of the Old Terminal 1, then a dedicated Airside Bus Transfer facility at the new Terminal 1.

[edit] New Terminal 1 (T1-New)

Image:Toronto Pearson Airport-Terminal 1.JPG
Image:Toronto Pearson Airport - Terminal 1.JPG

T1 is designed to handle domestic, international and transborder flights in one facility. The original design called for separate concourses to handle the different types of traffic. The design actually adopted in T1 places transborder departures and arrivals on a mezzanine level, and uses "swing gates" to allow any gate to channel arriving passengers to domestic, international or transborder arrivals facilities. Currently, some international flights said to depart from Terminal 1 actually depart from the infield terminal. From November 1, 2005 many flights were transferred from IFT to T1-New to coincide with the opening of new gates. Airplane access to these gates was otherwise blocked until the complete demolition and cleanup of the T1-Old had occurred.

  • Air Canada (Abbotsford, Amsterdam, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Barbados, Beijing, Belfast, Bermuda, Bogota, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza, Calgary, Cancún, Caracas, Cayo Coco, Cayo Largo del Sur, Charlottetown [seasonal], Copenhagen [seasonal], Cozumel, Delhi, Dublin [seasonal], Edmonton, Fort McMurray, Frankfurt, Fredericton, Grand Cayman, Halifax, Havana, Holguin, Hong Kong, Kelowna, Kingston, La Romana, Lima, London-Heathrow, Manchester (UK) [seasonal], Mexico City, Moncton, Montego Bay, Montréal, Munich, Nassau, Ottawa, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Port of Spain, Providenciales, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Regina, Rio de Janeiro-Galeão, Rome-Fiumicino, Saint John, San José (CR), San José del Cabo, San Juan, Santiago de Chile, Santo Domingo, São Paulo-Guarulhos, Saskatoon, Shanghai-Pudong, Shannon [seasonal], St. John's, St. Lucia, St. Maarten [seasonal], Seoul-Incheon, Tel Aviv, Thunder Bay, Tokyo-Narita, Vancouver, Varadero, Victoria, Winnipeg, Zürich)
    • Air Canada Jazz (Charlottetown [seasonal], Fredericton, Halifax, Kingston (ON), London (ON), Moncton, North Bay, Ottawa, Quebec City, Regina, Saskatoon, Sault Ste. Marie, Saint John, St. John's, Sudbury, Thunder Bay, Timmins, Windsor, Winnipeg)
  • Air Jamaica (Kingston)
  • Alitalia (Milan-Malpensa, Rome-Fiumicino)
  • Austrian Airlines (Vienna)
  • Condor Airlines (Frankfurt)
  • Etihad Airways (Abu Dhabi, Brussels)
  • Lufthansa (Frankfurt)
  • Mexicana (Mexico City)
  • Sunwing Airlines (Acapulco (seasonal), Cayo Coco (seasonal), Camaguey (seasonal), Charlottetown, Gander, Halifax, Holguin (seasonal), Huatulco (seasonal), Liberia (CR)(seasonal), Montego Bay (seasonal), Punta Cana (seasonal), Puerto Plata (seasonal), Puerto Vallarta (seasonal), Santiago de Cuba (seasonal), Stephenville (NF), St. John's, Sydney (NS), Varadero (seasonal),

The terminal is designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill International Ltd., Adamson Associates Architects, and Moshe Safdie and Associates.

[edit] Terminal 2 - US Arrivals and Departures only

The two floor, 26 gate terminal 2 was originally built in 1968 as a freight terminal, but it was converted to commercial traffic due to over capacity at old Terminal 1. It now handles transborder traffic to the US for Air Canada and their Star Alliance partner United Airlines, but these flights will move to the new Terminal 1 January 2007 and Terminal 2 will be demolished in the summer of that same year[2]. A 5 floor parking garage is attached to the north of the terminal building.

Terminal 2 has a United States border preclearance facility.

Most of Air Canada's passengers in Terminal 2 use the Self-serve checkin kiosks to receive their boarding passes and wait in line for their bags to be tagged.

All checked bags from airlines serving Terminal 2--United Airlines and Air Canada, are taken with the passenger through U.S. Customs for the preclearance. Bags are left in an area between U.S. Customs and security check where the bags are to be put on a conveyor belt.

After U.S. Customs clearance, all flights to the United States are treated as U.S. domestic flights upon arrival.

  • Air Canada (Atlanta, Boston, Chicago-O'Hare, Dallas/Fort Worth, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Kansas City, Honolulu, Houston-Intercontinental, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, Milwaukee, New York-LaGuardia, Newark, Orlando, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Raleigh/Durham, San Diego, San Francisco, San Juan, Seattle/Tacoma, St. Louis, Tampa, Washington-Reagan, West Palm Beach)
    • Air Canada Jazz (Atlanta, Baltimore/Washington, Boston, Charlotte, Cleveland, Columbus, Dallas/Ft. Worth, Detroit, Harrisburg, Hartford, Indianapolis, Manchester (NH), Milwaukee, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Nashville, Pittsburgh, Raleigh/Durham, Rochester (NY), White Plains)
  • United Airlines (Chicago-O'Hare, San Francisco)

Note that this terminal will be shut down in early 2007 and all US-bound flights will operate out of Pier F in T1.

[edit] Terminal 3

Image:Toronto-terminal3.JPG

Terminal 3 was built in 1989 to offset traffic from old Terminal 1 and Terminal 2. It was built as a private venture and was state of the art. It also has a US customs pre-clearance facility. In June 2006, the East Processor Extension(EPE) was opened. With a soaring, undulating roofline, the EPE adds 40 new check-in counters, new retail space, more secure 'hold-screening' for baggage and a huge picture window offering one of the most convienent apron viewing locations in YYZ. Improved Canadian Border services and a more open arrivals hall complete Phase I of the expansion. Phase II of the EPE is due to be complete in February 2007 and will include larger security screening areas and additional international baggage claim areas. Also due for completion by 2007 is the West Processor Expansion Shell with complete outfitting to be complete by early 2008.[3]

[edit] Charters

  • Air Transat (Summer Destinations: Las Vegas, Amsterdam, Athens, Birmingham (UK), Dublin, Edinburgh, Exeter, Frankfurt, Glasgow, Belfast, Newcastle, Hamburg, London-Gatwick, London-Heathrow [starts May 2007], Lyon, Madrid, Munich, Paris, Ponta Delgada, Shannon, Toulouse, Vienna [starts May 10, 2007]; Winter Destinations: Acapulco, Belfast, Camaguey, Cancún, Cayo Coco, Cayo Largo, Faro, Fort Lauderdale, Glasgow, Holguin, Ixtapa, La Romana, Lisbon, London-Gatwick, Manchester (UK), Manzanillo, Montego Bay, Montréal, Orlando, Panama City, Porlamar, Porto, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, St. Maarten, Samana, San Andres, San Jose, San Salvador, Santa Clara, Varadero)
  • CanJet (Cozumel, Montego Bay, Nassau, Punta Cana, Varadero)[4]
  • Conquest Vacations (St. Petersburg)
  • Sunwing.ca Vacations (St. Petersburg)
  • Kelowna Flightcraft (Kelowna)
  • Skyservice (Summer Destinations: Bridgetown, Calgary, Cancun, Cayo Coco, Edmonton, Fort Lauderdale, Gander, Holguin, Kingston, Lajes, Lamezia, Las Vegas, Lisbon, Montego Bay, Nassau, Oranjestad, Orlando, Pescara, Ponta Delgada, Porto, Port of Spain, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Rome, San Jose del Cabo, St. George's, St. Johns, St. Petersburg, Stephenville, Trieste, Vancouver, Varadero, Venice; Winter Destinations: Acapulco, Arrecife, Bahias de Huatulco, Belize, Bridgetown, Camaguey, Cancun, Cayo Coco, Cienfuegos, Cozumel, Faro, Fort Lauderdale, Holguin, Ixtapa/Zihuatanejo, La Ceiba (Honduras), La Romana, Las Vegas, Liberia (CR), Manzanillo, Margarita, Mazatlan, Merida, Miami, Montego Bay, Nassau, Oranjestad, Orlando, Port of Spain, Puerto Plata, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana, Samana, San Jose Del Cabo, Santa Clara/Cayo Santa Maria, Santiago de Cuba, St. John's, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, St. Petersburg, Varadero, Willemstad)

In addition, many cargo airlines serve the airport.

[edit] Other tenants

Peel Regional Police is the primary police at the airport. Airport Division is located on 2951 Convair Drive, on the south side of the airport near the Facilities Building along Highway 401 (Ontario)

Federal Express and UPS has facilities next to the airport.

World Aviation is located on the northeast corner of the airport. It is located next to the former site of Avro Canada (later as McDonnell Douglas Canada plant.

Greater Toronto Airport Authority administration offices are located on the south side of the airport. They were re-located when the original office was torn down to make way for the new Terminal 1.

[edit] See also

[edit] References

<references/>

[edit] External links

Airports in Canada
Airports in the National Airports System:
| Calgary | Charlottetown | Edmonton | Fredericton | Gander | Halifax | Iqaluit | Kelowna | London | Moncton | Montréal-Mirabel | Montréal-Trudeau | Ottawa | Prince George | Québec | Regina | Saint John | St. John's | Saskatoon | Thunder Bay | Toronto | Vancouver | Victoria | Whitehorse | Winnipeg | Yellowknife |
Regional/Local Airports
| Alberta | British Columbia | Manitoba | New Brunswick | Newfoundland and Labrador | Northwest Territories |
| Nova Scotia | Nunavut | Ontario | Prince Edward Island | Quebec | Saskatchewan | Yukon |
Toronto landmarks Image:Toronto Flag.svg
Art Gallery of Ontario | Canada's Walk of Fame | Canadian Broadcasting Centre | Casa Loma | CHUM-City Building | CN Tower | Dundas Square | Exhibition Place | Fort York | Harbourfront Centre | Hockey Hall of Fame | Kensington Market | Nathan Phillips Square | Old City Hall | Ontario Place | Ontario Science Centre | Osgoode Hall | PATH Underground | Queen's Park | R.C. Harris Filtration Plant | Royal Ontario Museum | St. James' Cathedral | St. Lawrence Hall | St. Lawrence Market | St. Michael's Cathedral | Todmorden Mills | Toronto City Hall | Toronto Islands | Toronto Pearson International Airport | Toronto Zoo | Union Station | Waterfront Trail | WindShare Wind Turbine

Sports: Air Canada Centre | BMO Field | Maple Leaf Gardens | Ricoh Coliseum | Rogers Centre | Varsity Arena

Performing arts: Bathurst Street Theatre | Canon Theatre | Elgin and Winter Garden Theatres | Four Seasons Centre | Hummingbird Centre | Massey Hall | Princess of Wales Theatre | Royal Alexandra Theatre | Roy Thomson Hall

bg:Торонто Пиърсън

ch:多倫多皮爾遜國際機場 de:Toronto Pearson International Airport es:Aeropuerto Internacional Toronto Pearson fr:Aéroport international Pearson de Toronto id:Bandara Internasional Pearson Toronto nl:Toronto Pearson International Airport ja:トロント・ピアソン国際空港 no:Toronto Pearson internasjonale lufthavn pl:Port lotniczy Toronto-Lester B. Pearson pt:Aeroporto Internacional Toronto Pearson ru:Пирсон (международный аэропорт) tl:Paliparang Pandaigdig ng Toronto Pearson zh:多倫多皮爾遜國際機場

Retrieved from "http://en.wikivisual.com/index.php/Toronto_Pearson_International_Airport"
Personal tools