Twin Peaks

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For the hills in San Francisco, see Twin Peaks, San Francisco, California.

Twin Peaks was an American serial drama created by David Lynch and Mark Frost. The show was set in the fictional town of Twin Peaks in northeast Washington state, while the filming took place in northwest Washington. The central plot line tells the story of FBI Special Agent Dale Cooper and his investigation of the murder of a popular local teenage schoolgirl, Laura Palmer.

It aired on the ABC network in the United States from April 8, 1990 until June 10, 1991. Some episodes were written and directed by Lynch and Frost, but most were directed by guests. The show was co-produced by Aaron Spelling's production company and ran for 30 episodes over two seasons.

[edit] Origins

A producer at Warner Brothers wanted Lynch to direct a film on Marilyn Monroe based on the book, The Goddess. Lynch recalls in the Lynch on Lynch book that he was "sort of interested. I loved the idea of this woman in trouble, but I didn't know if I liked it being a real story." Mark Frost was hired to write the screenplay. Even though this project was dropped by Warner Brothers, Lynch and Frost became good friends and wrote a screenplay entitled, One Saliva Bubble with Steve Martin to star in it. However, this film was not made either.

Lynch's agent, Tony Krantz, had been trying to get the filmmaker to work on TV since Blue Velvet but he was never really that interested in the idea. "So one day Mark and I were talking at Du Pars, the coffee shop on the corner of Laurel Canyon and Ventura, and, all of a sudden, Mark and I had this image of a body washing up on the shore of a lake," Lynch remembered in the Lynch on Lynch book. Lynch and Frost pitched the idea to ABC in a 10-minute meeting with the network's drama head, Chad Hoffman with nothing more than this image and a concept, according to the director: "The mystery of who killed Laura Palmer was the foreground, but this would recede slightly as you got to know the other people in the town and the problems they were having...The project was to mix a police investigation with the ordinary lives of the characters."

ABC liked the idea and asked Lynch and Frost to write a screenplay for the pilot episode. Originally, the show was entitled Northwest Passage and set in North Dakota, but the fact that a town called Twin Peaks really existed (much like Lumberton in Blue Velvet) prompted a revision in the script.

However, even though ABC's Bob Iger liked the pilot, he had a tough time persuading the rest of the network brass. Iger suggested showing it to a more diverse, younger group who liked it and the executive subsequently convinced ABC to buy seven episodes at $1 million a piece. Some executives figured that the show would never get on the air. However, Iger planned to schedule it for the spring. The final showdown occurred during a bi-coastal conference call between Iger and a room full of New York executives -- Iger won and Twin Peaks was on the air.

[edit] Episode list

Main article: List of Twin Peaks episodes

[edit] Plot synopsis

The series was set in 1989, with each episode — barring occasional exceptions — representing a single day in the chronology.

On morning of the February 27th, in the town of Twin Peaks, Washington state, lumberjack Pete Martell discovers a naked corpse tightly wrapped in a sheet of clear plastic on the bank of a river. Following the arrival of Sheriff Harry S. Truman, his deputies, and Dr. Will Hayward on the scene, the body is discovered to be that of homecoming queen Laura Palmer, the most popular girl at the local high school. The news spreads among the town's residents - particularly Laura's family and friends - who react in various ways. Meanwhile, just across the state line, a second girl, Ronette Pulaski, is found walking along the railroad tracks in a fugue. Since Ronette was discovered across the state line, the FBI (Special Agent Dale Cooper) is called in to investigate. Cooper's initial examination of Laura's body reveals a tiny typed letter 'R' inserted under her fingernail. He recognizes this as the "calling card" of a killer who took the life of Teresa Banks a year earlier in a town described as "in the southwest corner of the state" (revealed in Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me to be Deer Meadow).

Cooper quickly establishes that Laura's character and relationships are not as they first appear, and that she's far from the wholesome homecoming queen that those closest to her believed her to be. It is revealed that Laura had been two-timing her boyfriend Bobby Briggs with sullen biker James Hurley, a situation known to Laura's best friend Donna Hayward. Cooper also finds traces of cocaine in Laura's diary, a habit she shared with Bobby. Meanwhile, Donna and James begin an investigation of their own into Laura's death, and find themselves embarking on a romantic relationship with each other.

Laura's cousin Maddie Ferguson, arrives to stay with Laura's parents prior to the funeral. Maddie, who resembles Laura closely, befriends Donna and James and helps them in their efforts to find the killer - even impersonating Laura at one point to fool Laura's psychologist, Dr. Lawrence Jacoby.

During his investigation, Cooper stays at the Great Northern Hotel owned by the Horne family. The Horne's sultry daughter Audrey develops a crush on Cooper (that at least initially appears to be mutual, until he later rebuffs her advances, on the grounds that she is a high schooler and she is part of the case he is working on). With Audrey's help, Cooper traces Laura's cocaine usage to a brothel called 'One-Eyed Jacks'. Audrey later infiltrates it on his behalf. It is revealed that Laura had also been working as a prostitute sometimes based at the club.

Cooper also experiences a bizarre dream, in which he sees a one-armed man (a reference to The Fugitive) called Mike who chants a strange poem that ends in the words "Fire Walk With Me" and who then proceeds to tell Cooper about another man called Bob, and how they went "killing together." Bob also appears as a long-haired grey man dressed in denims who swears to Cooper that "I will kill again." As the dream continues, Cooper then finds himself aged twenty-five years and sitting in a mysterious red-curtained room. It is here he meets the diminutive Little Man From Another Place who intones clues to Cooper in the form of strange phrases and then proceeds to dance to a jazzy beat. Also present is the spirit of Laura Palmer, who kisses Cooper and then whispers into his ear the name of her killer. Lynch enhances the profoundly surreal nature of these scenes by having the actors recite their lines backwards (imitating the so-called backmasking technique). However, when he awakes, Cooper is unable to recall the killer's name.

Cooper and the local police force are then able to track down the one-armed man known as 'Mike' in Cooper's dream, whose full name is Phillip Michael Gerard (another reference to The Fugitive, where the recurring police detective is named Phil Gerard). Gerard appears to be nothing more than a shoe saleman and claims to know nothing of the Bob that Cooper describes. However, it eventually becomes clear that Gerard is possessed by an "inhabiting spirit" (the true 'Mike') who reveals to Cooper and his allies the true nature of Bob - Bob is a fellow inhabiting spirit who has possessed someone in Twin Peaks "for over forty years."

Cooper is also visited by an apparation of a mysterious giant who provides him with further clues in the murder investigation. All this information that Cooper has gained from psychic and observed means, including the mysterious utterances of an eccentric local woman known as The Log Lady, leads him to a number of suspects; but when he discovers the existence of Laura's second, secret diary, he realises that therein lies the key to solving the mystery. Harold Smith, a local man who was one of Laura's confidants, holds this diary. The secret diary reveals that from a very early age Laura was abused by a figure called 'Bob', and that her use of drugs and sex are the means she has used to numb herself and escape from him.

On the night before she is to leave town, Maddie is brutally murdered by Laura's father, Leland - who stands revealed as the man who is possessed by 'Bob'. Cooper and Truman apprehend Leland, and as they interrogate the Bob-possessed Leland, it becomes clear that Leland has no idea of the murderous actions he has committed while under Bob's influence. A crazed Leland then smashes his own head against the wall of his cell as his memories of what he had done to his daughter returns to him, and in his dying moment, Leland speaks of seeing his daughter Laura and how beautiful she looks, and finally his soul is restored. However, as Cooper and his allies note, if Bob had truly left Leland's body, it means his spirit is now loose in the woods of Twin Peaks.

With the murder investigation concluded, Cooper is then all set to leave Twin Peaks when he is framed for drug trafficking by the criminal Jean Renault and is temporarily suspended from the FBI. Renault holds Cooper responsible for the death of his brother Jacques, who was murdered by a grieving Leland Palmer when Jacques was under suspicion for Laura's murder.

After Renault is killed in a shoot-out with police and Cooper is cleared of the charges, his former FBI partner and mentor Windom Earle comes to Twin Peaks to play a deadly game of chess with Cooper - in which each piece of Cooper's that he takes means someone dies. As Cooper explains to Truman, during his early years with the FBI alongside Earle, he had begun an affair with Earle's wife, Caroline, while she had been under the protection of him and Earle since she had been a witness to a federal crime. Earle went mad and killed Caroline, and seriously wounded Cooper - and was subsequently committed to a mental institution. Now having escaped and in Twin Peaks, Earle establishes a secret base-of-operations in the woods from which to go about his revenge scheme.

As this is going on, Cooper continues to try to track down the origins (and whereabouts) of Bob and learns more about the mysteries of the dark woods surrounding Twin Peaks. It is here he learns of the existence of the White Lodge and the Black Lodge, mystical extradimensional realms of which the gateway to both reside somewhere in the woods. Cooper also falls in love with a new girl in town, Annie Blackburn.

When Annie wins the Miss Twin Peaks contest, Windom Earle kidnaps her and takes her to the Black Lodge - which Cooper realises has been Earle's goal all along. The Black Lodge then stands revealed to be where Bob, the Little Man From Another Place and the Giant inhabit, and of which the red-curtained room of Cooper's dream is a part. Cooper follows and has a series of bizarre encounters including meeting his own shadow self, otherwise known as a doppelgänger. During Cooper's time in the Black Lodge, Windom Earle's soul is destroyed by an enraged Bob, and Annie is apparently saved - although not without a price. For as the series comes to an ultimate close, it seems that Cooper, although unknown to his friends, has become possessed by Bob.

Following the cancellation of Twin Peaks, series co-creator David Lynch created a feature film prequel to the series Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me, that detailed the last week of Laura Palmer's life, as well as subtly expanding on the events of Cooper's fate in the series finale.

[edit] Themes

As with much of Lynch's other work (notably Blue Velvet), Twin Peaks explores the gulf between the veneer of small-town respectability and the seedier layers of life beneath it. The show further resembles Lynch's previous and subsequent work in that it is difficult to place in a defined genre: stylistically, the program borrows the unsettling tone and supernatural premises of horror films, and simultaneously offers a bizarrely comical parody of American soap operas with a campy, melodramatic presentation of the morally dubious activities of its characters. Finally, like the rest of Lynch's oeuvre, the show represents an earnest moral inquiry distinguished by both weird comedy and a deep vein of surrealism.

A popular feature of the series was Frost and Lynch's use of repeating and sometimes mysterious motifs — trees, water, coffee, donuts, owls, ducks, fire — and numerous embedded references to other films and TV shows, such as The Twilight Zone (mysteriously malfunctioning electrical equipment), and The Patty Duke Show (the phenomenon of identical cousins).

Lynch also incorporated a number of random events that occurred during filming, most notably in the scene where Cooper first examines Laura's body. When the scene was filmed, a malfunctioning fluorescent light above the table flickered constantly, but Lynch decided not to replace it since he liked the disconcerting effect that it created. Also, during the take, one of the minor actors misheard a line and, thinking he was being asked his name, he told Cooper his real name instead of saying his line, briefly throwing the cast off balance. Lynch was reportedly so pleased with this unsettling moment that he kept the 'mistake' in the scene. ^{[citation needed]}

[edit] Characters

[edit] Casting

Twin Peaks features members of the loose ensemble of Lynch's favorite character actors, including Jack Nance, Kyle MacLachlan, Grace Zabriskie and Everett McGill. It is also notable for the casting of several veteran actors who had long been absent from the screen, including 1950s movie stars Piper Laurie and Russ Tamblyn and former Mod Squad star Peggy Lipton.

[edit] Music

Composer Angelo Badalamenti, a frequent contributor to Lynch projects, scored the series and provides the leitmotif "Laura's Theme", the famous title theme and other evocative pieces to the soundtrack. A handful of the motifs were borrowed from the Julee Cruise album Floating Into the Night, which was written in large part by Angelo Badalamenti and David Lynch, and was released in 1989. The song "Falling" (sans vocals) became the theme to the show, and the songs "Rockin' Back Inside My Heart", "The Nightingale" and "Into the Night", found in their full versions on the album, were used elsewhere during the show's run.

[edit] Response

[edit] Surprise hit

Twin Peaks started life as an offbeat project for David Lynch and Mark Frost. They filmed the pilot with an agreement with ABC that they would shoot an additional "ending" to it so it could be sold directly to video in Europe as a feature if the TV show was not picked up. Such were the inauspicious beginnings of Twin Peaks.

During the first season it was the search for Laura Palmer's killer that drove the show and caught the public's imagination, although the creators admitted this was a macguffin designed to keep the audience coming back for more. Each episode was really about the townsfolk and the sinister underbelly of the seemingly idyllic town.

The first season contained only eight episodes and was considered technically and artistically revolutionary for television at the time, working hard as it did to reach the standards set by film. It has been said that Twin Peaks started the accomplished cinematography now commonplace in today's television dramas. Lynch and Frost maintained tight control over the first season, handpicking all of the directors with some that Lynch had known from his days at the American Film Institute (i.e. Caleb Deschanel and Tim Hunter) or referrals from someone he knew.

The interesting elements, charming style and intelligent writing made Twin Peaks a huge and surprising hit. People loved its quirky characters, particularly Kyle MacLachlan's special agent Dale Cooper, and its equally quirky humor. Soon after the cliffhanger ending of the first season, the show's popularity reached a fever pitch, and "Peaksmania" was born. Suddenly everybody knew about Twin Peaks and it began to seep into mainstream popular culture (such as Saturday Night Live) and its cast and creators were seen regularly on talk shows and in interviews. ABC began to take a lot more notice of its quirky new show. Twin Peaks was hotly tipped to sweep the Emmys in 1990, being nominated for no fewer than eight non-technical awards, but to the shock of most (especially the show's creators), it didn't win a single one.

[edit] The second season

Soon after this success (both critical and financial) of the first season, ABC ordered a second season, this time expanding the number of episodes dramatically to 22. It was during this time that ABC put pressure on the writers to reveal the killer of Laura Palmer in the new season. This was at odds with David Lynch's sensibility who wished it to remain a secret forever, but he was overruled by the network executives and his fellow creator Mark Frost, with them fearing the audience would get bored with the mystery if it were not resolved soon.

For the longer second season new writers were hired, along with new directors, and, after directing a few episodes (including the one which finally revealed the killer), David Lynch began to drift away from the show. (Accounts of the series frequently claim that Lynch was shooting the film Wild at Heart during this period, but in fact that film had already premiered before Twin Peaks' second season began.)

When the killer's identity was finally revealed, many fans of the show felt let down and alienated by the infamous murder's resolution, especially with the show's previously hinted at ethereal and "weird" side coming fully to the forefront. Also around this time a major story line involving a romance between Special Agent Dale Cooper (Kyle MacLachlan) and Audrey Horne (Sherilyn Fenn) was vetoed by Kyle MacLachlan (some said with pressure from then-girlfriend and co-star Lara Flynn Boyle), as he felt his character, who was known for his strong morals, would never become involved with a high school student. Since no agreement could be reached, the writers unhappily had to take evasive action and bring minor subplots (which were never intended to dominate the show) into the foreground to cover the missing story.

[edit] Declining ratings

With the unpopular resolution of the show's main drawing point (Laura Palmer's murder) and with the story lines becoming more obscure and drawn out, public interest finally began to wane and "Peaksmania" seemed officially over. Many believed the show's new overt oddness had made it a parody of itself and was far removed from the first season's charm and intelligence. This discontent, coupled with ABC changing its timeslot over a number of occasions, led to a huge drop in ratings. On February 15, 1991, ABC announced that the show had been put in "indefinite hiatus", a move which usually leads to cancellation.

This wasn't quite the end, though, as there was still large enough interest in the show for fans to begin their own letter-writing campaign, dubbed C.O.O.P (Citizens Opposed to the Offing of [Twin]Peaks). The campaign was a huge success and ABC agreed to another six episodes (to finish the season).

With the creators knowing this was possibly the end for the show, they made a last ditch effort to revitalize it. Agent Cooper was given a love interest, Annie Blackburn (Heather Graham) (with no objections from Kyle MacLachlan this time around). With the season finale they hoped to spark more interest in the show with a dramatic cliffhanger ending (the same way the previous season had). Unfortunately it did not boost interest sufficiently and the show was not renewed for a third season, leaving fans with a completely unresolved story line that continues to be debated on fan web sites to this day.

David Lynch himself 'returned' to direct the finale of the series, leaving some of the head writers annoyed, as they had previously felt 'abandoned' by him, and didn't appreciate his unprompted return and subsequent changes to their script. However, Lynch's direction produced an episode which was nightmarishly surreal and memorable, and it returned some of the character's personalities to a state more akin to how they had been in the pilot, rather than how they had changed over the course of the second season.

Later, David Lynch, having been long unhappy with ABC's "meddling" during the second season, sold the whole show to Bravo for a small sum, finally taking it from their hands. Bravo began airing the show from scratch again, but even with David Lynch shooting special "Log Lady introductions" for each episode, it never caught the public interest the way it did the first time around.

[edit] Aftermath

David Lynch was not quite finished with Twin Peaks. In 1992 Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me, the Twin Peaks motion picture, was released to eager fans. It focused on the subject David Lynch had initially been interested in: the story of Laura Palmer. The film was a prequel to Twin Peaks, showing Laura's murder and the events immediately preceding it. Unfortunately, many people, both fans of the series and critics, were disappointed by the film, which was more disturbing and less humorous than the series and did not resolve the cliffhanger ending of season two. Another large complaint at the time was its incomprehensibility to those who were not familiar with the series.

Twin Peaks' legacy can be seen in the slew of "quirky" TV shows that followed it, such as Northern Exposure; Wild Palms; American Gothic; Eerie, Indiana; Picket Fences; The X-Files; Desperate Housewives; Veronica Mars; Lost; Nip/Tuck and Carnivàle. Many of these series have been referred to as "the next Twin Peaks", either before their run or after popular success.

[edit] Variant versions and video releases

The pilot episode, first screened on TV in the US, was also released on video in some European territories in 1989 as a stand-alone story. This was because no television network agreed to air the series. The European version is 20 minutes longer than the TV pilot with a different ending added to bring closure to the story. The European version of the pilot film wraps up the story by showing Mike, the one-armed man, shooting Bob who admits to the murder. Most of the supernatural aspects of the story are toned down or eliminated. The scene in the Red Room where Cooper visits the Little Man From Another Place and his cousin who looks exactly like Laura Palmer was originally shot for this film. Lynch was so happy with the material that he incorporated part of it into the second episode of the regular series (that is, the third episode shown in the U.S. including the pilot) as a dream Cooper has about the case.

After the TV series ended, Lynch made a Twin Peaks movie, Fire Walk With Me, co-written with Robert Engels (a writer from the series). The movie, instead of continuing the story forward, flashes back to the investigation of the Teresa Banks murder and the events leading to Laura's death.

In September 2001, the first season (episodes 2-8) of Twin Peaks was released by Republic Pictures (through Artisan Entertainment, now part of Lions Gate Entertainment) as a DVD box set. The box set was noted for being the first TV show to have its audio track redone in DTS. The region 1 release was heavily criticized for not including the key pilot episode, which could not be included due to the fact Lynch sold the rights to it to Warner Home Video in order to facilitate its video release in Europe. When the series was released on video in the US (twice by Worldvision Home Video), the pilot episode was excluded both times. In turn, Warner Home Video released the pilot on video however, it was actually the European version and was labelled as having "bonus footage". The televised pilot episode is included in the UK (region 2) DVD release from Universal Home Entertainment, but as of summer 2006 it is not yet known whether this version of the pilot (which ties in with the rest of the series) will ever be released to DVD in North America, or if the version released there will be the theatrical version.

The DVD box set is known to have production errors, which cause many DVD players to freeze. One known track glitch occurs during the opening credits of Episode 2. Another glitch occurs 15 minutes into Episode 4, during Donna and Audrey's scene in the girls' high school lavatory.

The second season is due to be released worldwide by Paramount. It has so far been postponed several times, from September 2004, to early 2005, to September 2005, to early 2006. Although no United States release date has been announced, a November 2, 2006 release date was set for Australia, but the date has been pushed back yet again, to May 2007.

Complicating the process was the sale of Republic Pictures, the successor-in-interest to Worldvision Enterprises (the series' former distributor) and which currently holds ancillary rights in North America, to Paramount/Viacom in 1998; the transition of home video rights; and the later 2006 split of Viacom into two separate companies. Also, David Lynch is going to oversee the transfer from video to DVD personally, but has been delayed by the production of his new movie, Inland Empire. The first season was released to DVD on Artisan Entertainment, the video licensee for Republic, but Artisan/Lions Gate's rights expired in September 2005, and thus transferred to Paramount. Although Republic technically holds major ancillary rights, Paramount's home entertainment division (a Viacom unit) now holds home video rights, thus opening the door for a Season Two release on DVD. Television distribution rights are now held by CBS Paramount Television, the successor-in-interest to Paramount's television unit. North American rights to the Twin Peaks: Fire Walk With Me film are owned by Time Warner's New Line Cinema division, and is available on video and DVD through New Line.

[edit] Books

Many books have been written from or about the television show Twin Peaks. During the show's second season, Pocket Books released three official tie-in books, each authored by the show's creators (or their family) which offer a wealth of backstory. These three books are:

• The Autobiography of F.B.I. Special Agent Dale Cooper: My Life, My Tapes (ISBN 0-330-27280-2), 1991: written by Mark Frost's son, Scott Frost. A collection of transcripts from Agent Dale Cooper's audio tapes, from his childhood to the day he is assigned to Laura Palmer's murder. The book includes Dale's family, his first stumbles with love, his obsession with the FBI and explores the relationship between himself, Windom Earle and Earle's wife. Many of these tape transcripts are dictated to "Diane", though a later tape states that Cooper enjoys the thought of Diane listening to his tapes so much that he will address all tapes to her, whether she will ever listen to them or not.

• The Secret Diary of Laura Palmer (ISBN 0-671-73590-X), written by David Lynch's daughter Jennifer Lynch in 1990. Lynch paints a haunting portrait of an abused teen's double life, falling into a world of prostitution and drug abuse while maintaining the status quo as homecoming queen and high school student. Published during the summer between the original broadcasts of the first and second season, the book provided fans with much sought-after information regarding Laura's veiled personal life, including her knowledge of and/or relationship with the enigmatic character of "Killer Bob." With the exception of a discrepancy in the actual year of Laura's death (a discrepancy that is actually salient in the pilot episode vs. the rest of the series), Lynch's book is faithful to the Lynch/Frost collaboration as it existed at the time of its publication (while there is some accurate crossover, later episodes in season two would refer to diary entries that do not appear in Lynch's work).

• Twin Peaks: An Access Guide to the Town (ISBN 0-671-74399-6), 1991, is the most lighthearted and humorous of the books. It's a parody of a traveler's guide book, as published by the Twin Peaks Chamber of Commerce. Inside fans can find anything from a history of the Native Americans around the area to a list of songs on the jukebox in the Double R Diner. A double-page ad in the middle stars David Lynch and Mark Frost as brothers "Tim and Tom", who offer a "Taxi-Dermy" service: A blind David Lynch (Tim) will drive you anywhere within the Twin Peaks city limits, while Mark Frost (Tom) will stuff and mount any fish or game up to and including the size of a bear.

[edit] Trivia

• The population of the town, according to the sign in the opening credits, is 51,201. Initially, the population was only 5,120 but ABC deemed this to be too small a number, and instead added a digit to the end, making the population inordinately high. At the time the show took place, that would have made it one of the top ten largest cities in Washington.

• There are several references to the 1944 movie Laura, both explicitly through shared names and implicitly through the plot.

• The two mountains in Twin Peaks are called Whitetail and Blue Pine.

• The Twin Peaks High School mascot is a steeplejack (stated in Second Season, Episode 9).

• The towns of Snoqualmie and North Bend, in Washington, which were the primary filming locations for Twin Peaks, are only about an hour drive from the town of Roslyn. This town was the set of the series Northern Exposure, which was heavily influenced by Twin Peaks (including an episode which was a clear parody).

• Snoqualmie Falls was featured in the opening titles sequence.

• Many people became obsessed with Peakesmania to the point that they wore t-shirts which said "I killed Laura Palmer".

• A video game for the Nintendo Entertainment System was planned but cancelled.

• The Darkwing Duck episode Twin Beaks homages and parodies the series rather heavily.

• The Simpsons episode, Who Shot Mr. Burns? (Part 2) features a scene which, parodies 'The Red Room'. With Chief Wiggum taking the place of Agent Cooper, while Lisa takes the place of Laura Palmer and the Man From Another Place.

• The video games Max Payne and Max Payne 2 feature a fictitious TV program entitled "Address Unknown". The series is at least a partial parody of Twin Peaks, often directly joking about and making reference to its structure [with it featuring several back-talking scenes] it and other times paying tribute to its style, plot devices and format [often involving dramatic and surreal emotional situations]. In the game the program is used as a commentary on the plot of the game itself, further embedding surreality into its "existence".

• A second fictional TV program from the Max Payne series, a parodic period drama entitled "Lords and Ladies", is arguably a nod to the fictional soap opera "Invitation to Love" glimpsed in several episodes of Twin Peaks. In both cases, the plot of the fictional show parallels the events of the main storyline in some way.

[edit] See also

• List of references to Twin Peaks in popular culture

• China Beach

• Northern Exposure

• David Lynch

• Watch Twin Peaks on Devious Television Net Cast

[edit] Further reading

• Tropiano, Stephen (2000). TV Towns. New York, NY: TV Books L.L.C.. ISBN 1-57500-127-6.

[edit] External links

• TwinPeaksFestival.com The yearly Twin Peaks Festival
• Twin Peaks netcast at Devious Television
• TwinPeaksGazette.com News, fan theories and forums
• Twin Peaks at the Encyclopedia of Television
• GlastonberryGrove.net Twin Peaks fan site, with lots of media files
• Dugpa.com A David Lynch and Twin Peaks news and review site
• Twin Peaks at lynchnet.com
• Twin Peaks at davidlynch.de
• Twin Peaks Brewing Co. Twin Peaks fan site with lots of downloadables
• Twin Peaks Fan Community Full-featured Twin Peaks fan community
• A Guide to Twin Peaks An interactive guide to 'Twin Peaks', includes reviews of each episode and the prequel film
• Wrapped In Plastic Home of the Twin Peaks fan magazine. Wrapped In Plastic ceased publication in January, 2006 with issue # 75.
• TwinPeaks.org Twin Peaks fan resource site (currently outdated but with some useful information)
• TwinPeaks.fr French Twin Peaks site
• Twin Peaks tributes in video games
• Highly detailed timeline of the show from twinpeaks.org
• Map: Unofficial Filming Locations of Twin Peaks.
• lost.laura palmer web
• InTwinPeaks.com Twin Peaks filming locations, then and now

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