USS Long Beach (CGN-9)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

It has been suggested that Long Beach class cruiser be merged into this article or section. (Discuss)

USS Long Beach (CLGN-160/CGN-160/CGN-9) was a guided missile cruiser in the United States Navy. She is the only ship of her class.

Career	Image:US Naval Jack.svg

Ordered:	15 October 1956
Laid down:	2 December 1957
Launched:	14 July 1959
Commissioned:	9 September 1961
Decommissioned:	1 May 1995
Struck:	1 May 1995
Fate:	All superstructure removed: awaiting scrapping at the Bremerton, WA Shipyard
General Characteristics
Displacement:	15,540 tons
Length:	721 ft 3 in (220 m)
Beam:	71 ft 6 in (21.8 m)
Draft:	30 ft 7 in (9.3 m)
Propulsion:	2 C1W nuclear reactors; 2 General Electric turbines; 80,000 shp; 2 screws
Speed:	30 knots (56 km/h)
Range:	Essentially unlimited
Complement:	1160 officers and men
Armament:	2 twin Terrier guided missile launchers 1 twin Talos guided missile launcher 1 8-tube ASROC launcher 2 × 5 in/38 (2 × 1) 2 × 12.75 in torpedo tubes (2 × 2)
Aircraft:	None; landing pad for one helicopter
Motto:	"Strike Hard, Strike Home"

Long Beach was the first "all-new" cruiser designed and constructed after World War II (all others were completions or conversions of cruisers begun or completed during the war). She was the third Navy ship named after the city of Long Beach, California, and the last ship built on a traditional "cruiser hull" in the US Navy; all subsequent cruisers were built on scaled-up destroyer hulls.

1 Configuration
2 Weapons suite
3 History
4 Milestones
5 Commanders
6 Unit Awards
7 See also
8 External links

[edit] Configuration

The ship was designed as an "all-missile" ship from the very beginning, but was fitted with two 5 inch (127 mm) / 38 caliber gun mounts amidships at President John F. Kennedy's order. The space taken up by the 5 inch (127 mm) / 38 caliber mounts and the Anti-Submarine Rocket (ASROC) system was, at different times, slated for the Regulus nuclear cruise missile or, later, 4 launching tubes for the Polaris missile. Long Beach was also the last cruiser built on the traditional long, lean cruiser hull (though her sleek lines were somewhat marred by her huge square superstructure, built to support a cluster of large phased array radars that never worked correctly and were eventually removed); later new-build cruisers were actually converted frigates (DLG/CG Leahy, Bainbridge, Belknap, Truxtun, and the California and Virginia classes) or uprated destroyers (DDG/CG Ticonderoga class).

The ship was propelled by two nuclear reactors, one for each propellor shaft, and was capable of speeds in excess of 30 knots (56 km/h). The high box-like superstructure contained the SCANFAR system, consisting of the AN/SPS-32 and AN/SPS-33 phased array radars, pre-cursors to the AN/SPY-1 phased array systems lately installed on Aegis warships (Ticonderoga-class cruisers and Arleigh Burke-class destroyers). At the time, Long Beach had the highest bridge of any ship smaller than an aircraft carrier.

[edit] Weapons suite

The original weapons suite consisted of:

Talos Long Range Surface-to-Air Missiles (SAM) with a range in excess of 80 nautical miles (148 km).
Terrier Medium Range SAMs with a range in excess of 30 miles (48 km).
Anti-Submarine Rocket (ASROC) system capable of delivering a torpedo or depth charge (nuclear capable) at a range of 10,000 yards (9.1 km).
Two twin 12.75 inch torpedo launchers that could fire Mk 46 torpedoes.
Two 5 inch (127 mm) 38 caliber single mounts, capable of surface and shore bombardment to a range of 18,000 yards (16.5 km).

The ship went through several modifications by time it was decommissioned. The final weapons suite consisted of:

Two forward launchers for the SM-2 extended range missiles. These replaced the Terrier.
The rear launcher for the Talos was replaced with 2 Tomahawk cruise missile box launchers. Each launcher held 4 missiles.
Two Phalanx CIWS were added to the rear of the ship.
Two Harpoon ship-to-ship missile launchers were added. Each launcher held 4 Harpoons.

[edit] History

Image:Wiki letter w.svg

Please expand this article.
Further information might be found in a section of the talk page or at Requests for expansion.

Long Beach was originally ordered as CLGN-160. She was reclassified CGN-160 in early 1957, but was again reclassified as CGN-9 on 1 July 1957. Her keel was laid down on 2 December 1957 by Bethlehem Steel Co., Fore River Shipyard, Quincy, Massachusetts. She was launched 14 July 1959, sponsored by Mrs. Craig Hosmer, wife of Congressmen Hosmer of California. She was commissioned 9 September 1961, Capt. Eugene P. Wilkinson in command.

Long Beach served in the Atlantic Fleet from her commissioning in 1961 until completing her first refueling in early 1966, when the cruiser was transferred from the homeport of Norfolk, Virginia to Long Beach, California.

Operation "Sea Orbit" — USS Bainbridge, Long Beach, and Enterprise.

In May 1964, Long Beach joined the aircraft carrier Enterprise (CVN-65) and the guided missile frigate Bainbridge (DLGN-25) to form the all-nuclear-powered Task Force 1. At the end of July, those three warships began Operation Sea Orbit, a two-month unrefueled cruise around the World. The Nuclear Task Force 1 was the first all-nuclear battle formation in the history of naval operations.

In October 1966, the Long Beach deployed for the first of a number of cruises to the Western Pacific. During this initial cruise, this cruiser served primarily as the Positive Identification Radar Advisory Zone (PIRAZ) unit in the northern Gulf of Tonkin. As such, the main responsibilities of the ship were to "sanitize" returning US air strikes to ensure that no enemy aircraft attempted to evade identification by sneaking within range with returning "friendlies." Additionally, the ship provided support for an on-board Search and Rescue (SAR) helicopter unit. During this tour, the ship was responsible for directing the downing of one Soviet-made An-2 'Colt' aircraft that was attempting to engage South Vietnamese naval units. The shoot-down was executed by an F-4 Phantom II fighter under the control of a Long Beach Air Intercept Controller (AIC). The cruiser returned to Long Beach, California, in July of 1967. 28 years later, on 1 May 1995, she was decommissioned, and is now awaiting scrapping at Bremerton WA Shipyard.

[edit] Milestones

- 2 December 1957 — Keel laid in Bethlehem Steel Company's Fore River Shipyard, Quincy, Massachusetts.
- 14 July 1959 — launching; Mrs. Craig Hosmer christened the ship as its sponsor.
- 5 July 1961 — USS Long Beach underway for the first time using her own nuclear power.
- 9 September 1961 — USS Long Beach is commissioned as the first nuclear powered surface vessel at the Boston Naval Shipyard.
- 2 October 1961 — Change of Home port to Norfolk, Virginia.
- 1 August 1963 — 1st deployment to the Mediterranean
- 28 April 1964 — 2nd deployment to the Mediterranean for "Nuclear Task Force One".
- 15 March 1966 — USS Long Beach and City of Long Beach, California unite for first time.
- 7 November 1966 — 1st West Pac deployment.
- 1 May 1967 — Deployed to Gulf of Tonkin.
- 15 April 1968 — 2nd West Pac deployment.
- 11 August 1969 — 3rd West Pac deployment.
- 1 July 1970 — USS Long Beach begins refueling at Mare Island Naval Shipyard.
- 28 March 1972 — 4th West Pac deployment.
- 1 May 1973 — 5th West Pac deployment.
- 7 November 1974 — 6th West Pac deployment.
- 7 June 1975 — Change of homeport to San Diego, California.
- 15 September 1976 — 7th West Pac deployment.
- 4 April 1978 — 8th West Pac deployment.
- 7 January 1980 — 9th West Pac deployment.
- 1 January 1982 — Begins Comprehensive Overhaul Puget Sound Naval Shipyard.
- 13 January 1984 — 10th West Pac deployment.
- 9 January 1985 — Selected Restricted Availability at Bremerton, Washington.
- 13 May 1986 — 11th West Pac deployment.
- 25 July 1987 — 12th West Pac deployment.
- 13 October 1988 — North Atlantic Treaty Organization Ship Visit.
- 18 September 1989 — 13th West Pac deployment/world cruise.
- 28 May 1991 — 14th West Pac deployment in support of Operation Desert Storm.
- 8 April 1992 — Comprehensive overhaul, Puget Sound Naval Shipyard.
- 12 May 1993 — Underway Counter Narcotics Patrol, Central America.
- 8 November 1993 — Underway Counter Narcotics Patrol, Caribbean.
- 6 May 1994 — Change of homeport to Norfolk, Virginia.

[edit] Commanders

- 9 September 1961 – 11 September 1962: Captain Eugene P. Wilkinson
- 11 September 1962 – 23 August 1966: Captain F. H. Price
- 23 August 1966 – 15 June 1968: Captain K. C. Wallace
- 15 June 1968 – 25 September 1972: Captain William A. Spencer
- 25 September 1972 – 24 October 1975: Captain F. R. Fahland
- 24 October 1975 – 18 July 1978: Captain Harry C. Schrader
- 18 July 1978 – February 1982: Captain E. B. Bossard
- February 1982 – 1985: Captain F. Triggs
- February 1985 – September 1987: Captain M. J. Weniger
- September 1987 – November 1990: Captain J. C. Pollock, III
- November 1990 – April 1993: Captain W. R. Burns, Jr.
- April 1993 – July 1994: Captain K. P. Bersticker