| • | John Jay | Appointed: | September 29, 1779
|
| | Presented credentials: | <ref name="Jay">John Jay proceeded to post but was not formally received at court.</ref>
|
| | Terminated mission: | ~May 20, 1782
|
| • | William Carmichael | Appointed: | Chargé d’Affaires April 20, 1790
|
| | Presented credentials: | February 20, 1783<ref name="Carmichael1">Carmichael was Chargé d’Affaires, not the ambassador.</ref><ref name="Carmichael2">No report has been found concerning Carmichael’s presentation of credentials as Chargé d’Affaires en titre; he had already been received as Chargé dAffaires ad interim, February 20, 1783.</ref>
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall September 5, 1794
|
| • | William Short | Appointed: | May 28, 1794
|
| | Presented credentials: | September 7, 1794<ref name="Short">William Short was Minister Resident, not ambassador.</ref>
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post November 1, 1795
|
| • | David Humphreys | Appointed: | May 20, 1796
|
| | Presented credentials: | September 10, 1797
|
| | Terminated mission: | Probably presented recall soon after December 28, 1801
|
| • | Charles Pinckney | Appointed: | June 6, 1801<ref name="Pinckney">Pinckney was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on January 26, 1802.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | January-March 1802
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall October 25, 1804
|
| • | James Bowdoin III | Appointed: | November 22, 1804
|
| | Presented credentials: | <ref name="Bowdoin">Bowdoin did not proceed to post.</ref>
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | George W. Erving | Appointed: | Chargé d’Affaires<ref name="Erving1">Erving served as Chargé d’Affaires ad interim, October 1805–February 1810.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | George W. Erving | Appointed: | August 10, 1814<ref name="Erving2">Erving was commissioned during a recess of the Senate. Nomination confirmed by the Senate, October 3, 1814; commission following confirmation not on record.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | August 24, 1816
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post May 15, 1819
|
| • | John Forsyth | Appointed: | February 16, 1819
|
| | Presented credentials: | May 18, 1819
|
| | Terminated mission: | Had farewell audience, March 2, 1823
|
| • | Hugh Nelson | Appointed: | January 15, 1823
|
| | Presented credentials: | December 4, 1823
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall July 10, 1825
|
| • | Alexander Hill Everett | Appointed: | March 9, 1825
|
| | Presented credentials: | September 4, 1825
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post August 1, 1829
|
| • | Cornelius P. Van Ness | Appointed: | June 1, 1829<ref name="VanNess">Van Ness was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on February 10, 1830.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | December 9, 1829
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall December 21, 1836
|
| • | William T. Barry | Appointed: | April 10, 1835<ref name="Barry">Barry took the oath of office, but died en route to post. He was commissioned during a recess of the Senate.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | John H. Eaton | Appointed: | March 16, 1836
|
| | Presented credentials: | <ref name="Eaton">No report has been found of Eaton’s presentation of credentials, which probably took place about February 1, 1837.</ref>
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post May 1, 1840
|
| • | Aaron Vail | Appointed: | May 20, 1840<ref name="Vail">Vail was the Chargé d’Affaires, not the ambassador.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | November 5, 1840
|
| | Terminated mission: | Vail was superseded by Ambassador Irving, August 1, 1842.
|
| • | Washington Irving | Appointed: | February 10, 1842
|
| | Presented credentials: | August 1, 1842
|
| | Terminated mission: | July 29, 1846
|
| • | Romulus M. Saunders | Appointed: | February 25, 1846
|
| | Presented credentials: | July 31, 1846
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall September 24, 1849
|
| • | Daniel M. Barringer | Appointed: | June 18, 1849<ref name="Barringer">Barringer was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on September 28, 1850.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | October 24, 1849
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall September 4, 1853
|
| • | Pierre Soulé | Appointed: | April 7, 1853
|
| | Presented credentials: | October 24, 1853
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall February 1, 1855
|
| • | John C. Breckinridge | Appointed: | January 16, 1855<ref name="Breckenridge">Breckenreidge declined the appointment.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | Augustus C. Dodge | Appointed: | February 9, 1855
|
| | Presented credentials: | June 17, 1855
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall March 12, 1859
|
| • | William Preston | Appointed: | December 15, 1858
|
| | Presented credentials: | March 12, 1859
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall May 24, 1861
|
| • | Cassius M. Clay | Appointed: | April 14, 1861<ref name="Clay">Clay declined the appointment.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | Carl Schurz | Appointed: | March 28, 1861
|
| | Presented credentials: | July 13, 1861
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post December 18, 1861
|
| • | Gustavus Koerner | Appointed: | June 14, 1862
|
| | Presented credentials: | November 4, 1862
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post July 20, 1864
|
| • | John P. Hale | Appointed: | March 10, 1865
|
| | Presented credentials: | September 30, 1865
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall July 29, 1869
|
| • | William S. Rosecrans | Appointed: | <ref name="Rosecrans">Rosecrans was not commissioned; his nomination was tabled by the Senate.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | Henry S. Sandford | Appointed: | <ref name="Sandford">Sandford was not commissioned; his nomination was tabled by the Senate.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | Daniel E. Sickles | Appointed: | May 15, 1869<ref name="Sickles1">Sickles was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on March 16, 1870.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | July 29, 1869<ref name="Sickles2">Sickles presented new credentials on February 2, 1871, after change of government</ref>
|
| | Terminated mission: | Transmitted recall by note January 31, 1874
|
| • | Caleb Cushing | Appointed: | January 6, 1874
|
| | Presented credentials: | May 30, 1874<ref name="Cushing">Cushing presented new credentials on March 10, 1875, after restoration of monarchy.</ref>
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post April 9, 1877
|
| • | James Russell Lowell | Appointed: | June 11, 1877<ref name="Lowell">Lowell was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on October 30, 1877.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | August 18, 1877
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall March 2, 1880
|
| • | Lucius Fairchild | Appointed: | January 26, 1880
|
| | Presented credentials: | March 31, 1880
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall December 20, 1881
|
| • | Hannibal Hamlin | Appointed: | June 30, 1881<ref name="Hamlin">Hamlin was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on October 13, 1881.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | December 20, 1881
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post October 17, 1882
|
| • | John W. Foster | Appointed: | February 27, 1883
|
| | Presented credentials: | June 16, 1883
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall August 28, 1885
|
| • | Jabez L.M. Curry | Appointed: | October 7, 1885<ref name="Curry">Curry was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on January 13, 1886.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | December 22, 1885
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post July 5, 1888
|
| • | Perry Belmont | Appointed: | November 17, 1888<ref name="Belmont">Belmont was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on December 13, 1888.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | February 13, 1889
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post May 1, 1889
|
| • | Thomas W. Palmer | Appointed: | March 12, 1889
|
| | Presented credentials: | June 17, 1889
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post April 19, 1890
|
| • | E. Burd Grubb | Appointed: | September 27, 1890
|
| | Presented credentials: | December 23, 1890
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post May 26, 1892
|
| • | A. Loudon Snowden | Appointed: | July 22, 1892
|
| | Presented credentials: | October 6, 1892
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall June 3, 1893
|
| • | Hannis Taylor | Appointed: | April 8, 1893
|
| | Presented credentials: | July 1, 1893
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall September 13, 1897
|
| • | Stewart L. Woodford | Appointed: | June 19, 1897
|
| | Presented credentials: | September 13, 1897
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post April 21, 1898<ref name="Woodford">Spain severed diplomatic relations with the U.S. on April 21, 1898. Woodford left post the same day. The United States declared war on Spain as of that date by Act of Congress approved April 25, 1898.</ref>
|
| • | Bellamy Storer | Appointed: | April 12, 1899<ref name="Storer">Storer was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on December 14, 1899.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | June 16, 1899
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall December 10, 1902
|
| • | Arthur S. Hardy | Appointed: | September 26, 1902<ref name="Hardy">Hardy was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and recommissioned after confirmation on December 8, 1902.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: | March 2, 1903
|
| | Terminated mission: | Presented recall May 1, 1905
|
| • | William Miller Collier | Appointed: | March 8, 1905
|
| | Presented credentials: | May 15, 1905
|
| | Terminated mission: | Superseded by Ambassador Ide on June 9, 1909
|
| • | Henry Clay Ide | Appointed: | April 1, 1909
|
| | Presented credentials: | June 9, 1909
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post July 8, 1913
|
| • | Joseph E. Willard | Appointed: | July 28, 1913<ref name="Willard">Willard took the oath of office, but did not proceed to post under this appointment.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | Joseph E. Willard | Appointed: | September 10, 1913
|
| | Presented credentials: | October 31, 1913
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post July 7, 1921
|
| • | Cyrus E. Woods | Appointed: | June 24, 1921
|
| | Presented credentials: | October 14, 1921
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post April 18, 1923
|
| • | Alexander P. Moore | Appointed: | March 3, 1923
|
| | Presented credentials: | May 16, 1923
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post December 20, 1925
|
| • | Ogden H. Hammond | Appointed: | December 21, 1925
|
| | Presented credentials: | March 26, 1926
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post October 13, 1929
|
| • | Irwin B. Laughlin | Appointed: | October 16, 1929
|
| | Presented credentials: | December 24, 1929
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post April 12, 1933
|
| • | Claude G. Bowers | Appointed: | April 6, 1933
|
| | Presented credentials: | June 1, 1933
|
| | Terminated mission: | Had final interview, February 2, 1939<ref name="Bowers">Bowers was resident during the last part of his ambassadorship at St. Jean de Luz in France. He left that post June 14, 1939, his appointment having terminated May 14, 1939. The embassy had meanwhile been re-established in Spain on April 13, 1939, when H. Freeman Matthews had been received at Burgos as Chargé d’Affaires ad interim.</ref>
|
| • | Alexander W. Weddell | Appointed: | May 3, 1939
|
| | Presented credentials: | June 15, 1939
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post February 7, 1942
|
| • | Carlton J. H. Hayes | Appointed: | May 2, 1942
|
| | Presented credentials: | June 9, 1942
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left Spain, January 18, 1945
|
| • | Norman Armour | Appointed: | December 15, 1944
|
| | Presented credentials: | March 24, 1945
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post December 1, 1945
|
| • | Philip W. Bonsal | Appointed: | <ref name="Bonsal">Bonsal was the Chargé d’Affaires, not the ambassador, March 1946–June 1947.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | Paul T. Culbertson | Appointed: | <ref name="Culbertson">Culbertson was the Chargé d’Affaires, not the ambassador, June 1947–December 1950.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | Stanton Griffis | Appointed: | February 1, 1951
|
| | Presented credentials: | March 1, 1951
|
| | Terminated mission: | Relinquished charge January 28, 1952
|
| • | Lincoln MacVeagh | Appointed: | February 21, 1952
|
| | Presented credentials: | March 27, 1952
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post March 4, 1953
|
| • | Clement Dunn | Appointed: | February 27, 1953
|
| | Presented credentials: | April 9, 1953
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post February 9, 1955
|
| • | John Lodge | Appointed: | January 22, 1955
|
| | Presented credentials: | March 24, 1955
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post April 13, 1961
|
| • | Anthony J. Drexel Biddle, Jr. | Appointed: | March 29, 1961
|
| | Presented credentials: | May 25, 1961
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left Spain, October 12, 1961
|
| • | Ellis O. Briggs | Appointed: | <ref name="Briggs">Briggs was not commissioned; his nomination withdrawn before the Senate acted upon it.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | Robert F. Woodward | Appointed: | April 7, 1962
|
| | Presented credentials: | May 10, 1962
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post February 1, 1965
|
| • | Angier Biddle Duke | Appointed: | March 11, 1965
|
| | Presented credentials: | April 1, 1965
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post March 30, 1968
|
| • | Frank E. McKinney | Appointed: | May 11, 1968<ref name="McKinney">McKinney took the oath of office, but did not proceed to post under this appointment.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | Robert F. Wagner | Appointed: | June 24, 1968
|
| | Presented credentials: | July 4, 1968
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post March 7, 1969
|
| • | Robert C. Hill | Appointed: | May 1, 1969
|
| | Presented credentials: | June 12, 1969
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post January 12, 1972
|
| • | Horacio Rivero | Appointed: | September 11, 1972
|
| | Presented credentials: | October 11, 1972
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post November 26, 1974
|
| • | Peter M. Flanigan | Appointed: | <ref name="Flanigan">Flanigan was not commissioned; his nomination of September 17, 1974 was not acted upon by the Senate.</ref>
|
| | Presented credentials: |
|
| | Terminated mission: |
|
| • | Wells Stabler | Appointed: | February 20, 1975
|
| | Presented credentials: | March 13, 1975
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post May 4, 1978
|
| • | Terence A. Todman | Appointed: | May 25, 1978
|
| | Presented credentials: | July 20, 1978
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post August 8, 1983
|
| • | Thomas Ostrom Enders | Appointed: | August 5, 1983
|
| | Presented credentials: | September 15, 1983
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post July 6, 1986
|
| • | Reginald Bartholomew | Appointed: | August 18, 1986
|
| | Presented credentials: | September 17, 1986
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post March 12, 1989
|
| • | Joseph Zappala | Appointed: | October 10, 1989
|
| | Presented credentials: | October 16, 1989
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post June 4, 1992
|
| • | Richard Goodwin Capen, Jr. | Appointed: | June 15, 1992
|
| | Presented credentials: | July 8, 1992
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post February 17, 1993
|
| • | Richard N. Gardner | Appointed: | September 16, 1993
|
| | Presented credentials: | November 4, 1993
|
| | Terminated mission: | Left post July 12, 1997
|
