Monitor lizard
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Monitor lizards are the family Varanidae, a group of lizards which includes the largest living lizard, the Komodo Dragon. Varanidae contains only a single genus: Varanus.
In Australia monitor lizards are known as goannas (See main article).
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[edit] Evolutionary overview
Monitor lizards are considered to be the most highly developed lizards, possessing a relatively rapid metabolism for reptiles, several sensory adaptations that benefit the hunting of live prey, and a lower jaw that may be unhinged to facilitate eating large prey animals. Recent work indicates that the Varanid lizards, including the Komodo dragon, are indeed venomous and do not produce strains of deadly bacteria as previously thought. However, instead of injecting the venom into prey from fangs like most of their snake cousins do, the venom stays around the base of the teeth[citation needed].
[edit] Origin of Name
It has been said that the name of monitor lizards is derived from a superstition that the creatures would give a warning about the presence of crocodiles. However, this explanation may be apocryphal. According to Wildwatch, the name actually resulted from a mishearing of the Arabic word oaran (lizard) as the German warnen (to warn), which was subsequently Latinized into monitor.
[edit] Classification
Genus Varanus
- Varanus acanthurus: Spiny-tailed goanna, Northwestern Ridge-tailed monitor, or "ackie"
- Varanus acanthurus brachyurus, Common Ridge-tailed Monitoror, or Yellow Ackie
- Varanus acanthurus insulanicus or Island Ridge-tailed Monitor
- Varanus albigularis White-throated monitor or Albig
- Varanus auffenbergi Peacock monitor
- Varanus baritji Northern ridge-tailed goanna
- Varanus beccarii Black tree monitor
- Varanus bengalensis Bengal monitor
- Varanus bogerti Louisiade tree monitor
- Varanus brevicauda Short-tailed monitor
- Varanus bushi
- Varanus caerulivirens Blue pin-spot monitor
- Varanus caudolineatus Stripe-tailed goanna
- Varanus cerambonensis Ceram mangrove monitor
- Varanus doreanus Blue-tailed monitor
- Varanus dumerilii Dumeril monitor aka Brown Rough Neck Monitor
- Varanus eremius Desert pygmy monitor
- Varanus exanthematicus: Savannah monitor
- Varanus finschi Finsch's monitor
- Varanus flavescens: Yellow mangrove monitor
- Varanus giganteus: the Perentie
- Varanus gilleni Pygmy mulga goanna
- Varanus glauerti Kimberley rock monitor
- Varanus glebopalma Black-palmed rock monitor
- Varanus gouldii Sand goanna (also Gould's goanna, or Ground goanna)
- Varanus griseus Desert monitor
- Varanus indicus Mangrove monitor
- Varanus jobiensis Peach-throat monitor
- Varanus juxtindicus Hakoi
- Varanus keithhornei Canopy goanna
- Varanus kingorum King's goanna
- Varanus komodoensis: Komodo dragon
- Varanus mabitang Panay monitor
- Varanus macraei Blue tree monitor
- Varanus melinus Quince monitor
- Varanus mertensi: Mertens' water monitor
- Varanus mitchelli Mitchell's water monitor
- Varanus nebulosus Clouded monitor
- Varanus niloticus: Nile monitor
- Varanus olivaceus Gray's monitor, Butaan
- Varanus ornatus Ornate monitor
- Varanus panoptes Argus monitor, Yellow-spotted goanna, Floodplain goanna
- Varanus pilbarensis Pilbara rock monitor
- Varanus prasinus: Emerald tree monitor
- Varanus primordius Blunt-spined goanna
- Varanus prisca: Megalania (extinct)
- Varanus rosenbergi Rosenberg's goanna
- Varanus rudicollis: Black Roughneck monitor
- Varanus salvadorii: Crocodile monitor, Artrelia
- Varanus salvator: Water monitor
- Varanus scalaris Spotted tree goanna
- Varanus semiremex Mangrove pygmy goanna
- Varanus spenceri Spencer's goanna
- Varanus spinulosus St. Isabel mangrove monitor
- Varanus storri Storr's goanna
- Varanus telenesetes Lia (Biri), Rossel Island tree monitor
- Varanus timorensis: Timor tree monitor or Timor monitor
- Varanus tristis Black-headed tree goanna
- Varanus varius: Lace monitor
- Varanus yemenensis Yemen monitor
- Varanus yuwonoi Tricolor monitor
[edit] Trivia
The movie monster Varan takes its name from this genus.
In a season 4 episode of Hey Arnold, the character Helga owned a monitor lizard.
[edit] References
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to: |
de:Warane es:Varanidae eo:Varano fr:Varanus hr:Varani id:Biawak it:Varanus lt:Varanai ms:Biawak nl:Varanen ja:オオトカゲ no:Varaner pl:Warany pt:Varanidae ru:Вараны su:Bayawak fi:Varaanit sv:Varaner
