William Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Devonshire
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- For other persons named William Cavendish, see William Cavendish (disambiguation).
William Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Devonshire, KG, PC (1672 – June 4 1729) was a British nobleman and politician, the eldest son of William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire and Lady Mary Butler. He married The Hon. Rachel Russell (1674–1725), daughter of William, Lord Russell on June 21, 1688.
They had five children:
- William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire (c. 1698 – 5 December 1755)
- Lady Elizabeth Cavendish (bef. 1707 – 7 November 1747), married Sir Thomas Lowther, 2nd Baronet and had issue
- Lady Rachel Cavendish, married Sir William Morgan on 14 May 1723
- Lord Charles Cavendish (bef. 1717–1783), father of Henry Cavendish
- Lord James Cavendish (bef. 1725 – 14 December 1741)
A prominent Whig, he was sworn of the Privy Council in 1707, and served as Lord President of the Council from 1716 to 1717 and 1725 to 1729.

