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The Duke of Portland
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Prime Minister of Great Britain Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
In office 2 April 1783 – 19 December 1783 31 March 1807 – 4 October 1809
Preceded by	The Earl of Shelburne The Lord Grenville
Succeeded by	William Pitt the Younger Spencer Perceval
Born	14 April 1738 Nottinghamshire
Died	30 October 1809 Bulstrode Park, Buckinghamshire
Political party	Whig, later Tory

William Henry Cavendish Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, (April 14, 1738 – October 30, 1809) was a British Whig and Tory statesman and Prime Minister. He was known before 1762 by the courtesy title Marquess of Titchfield.

Lord Titchfield, was the eldest son of William Bentinck, 2nd Duke of Portland and Margaret Cavendish-Harley, and inherited many lands from his mother and his maternal grandmother[1] and [2]. He was educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford and was elected to Parliament in 1761 before entering the Lords when he succeeded his father as Duke of Portland the next year. Associated with the aristocratic Whig party of Lord Rockingham, Portland served as Lord Chamberlain of the Household in Rockingham's first Government (1765-1766), and then as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in Rockingham's second ministry (April-August 1782), but resigned from Lord Shelburne's ministry along with other supporters of Charles James Fox following Rockingham's death.

In April 1783, Portland was brought forward as titular head of a coalition government whose real leaders were Charles James Fox and Lord North. He served as First Lord of the Treasury in this ministry until its fall in December of the same year.

In 1789, Portland became one of several vice presidents of London's Foundling Hospital. This charity had become one of the most fashionable of the time, with several notables serving on its board. At its creation, fifty years earlier, Portland's father, William Bentinck, 2nd Duke of Portland, had been one of the founding governors, listed on the charity's royal charter granted by George II. The hospital's mission was to care for the abandoned children in London and it achieved rapid fame through its poignant mission, its art collection donated from supporting artists and popular benefit concerts put on by George Frideric Handel. In 1793, Portland took over the presidency of the charity from the Right Honourable Lord North.

Along with many other conservative Whigs (such as Edmund Burke), Portland was deeply uncomfortable with the French Revolution, and ultimately broke with Fox over this issue, joining Pitt's government as Home Secretary in 1794. He continued to serve in the cabinet until Pitt's death in 1806 - from 1801 to 1805 as Lord President of the Council, and then as a Minister without Portfolio.

When Pitt's supporters returned to power after the collapse of the Ministry of all the Talents in March, 1807, Portland was, once again, an acceptable figurehead for a fractious group of ministers who included George Canning, Lord Castlereagh, Lord Hawkesbury, and Spencer Perceval.

Portland's second government saw England's complete isolation on the continent, but also the beginning of recovery, with the start of the Peninsular War. In late 1809, with Portland's health poor and the ministry rocked by the scandalous duel between Canning and Castlereagh, Portland resigned, dying shortly thereafter.

The Portland Vase was given its name due to it having been owned by Portland.

[edit] Marriage and children

On 8 November, 1766, Portland first married Dorothy Cavendish, a daughter of William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire and Charlotte Boyle. They were parents of six children

• William Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland (24 June, 1768 - 27 March, 1854).
• Lord William Bentinck (14 September, 1774 - 17 June, 1839).
• William Francis Charles James Augustus Cavendish-Bentinck (3 October, 1780 - 28 April, 1826). Paternal grandfather of Nina Bowes-Lyon, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne.
• Frederick Cavendish-Bentinck (2 November, 1781 - 11 February, 1828).
• Charlotte Bentinck (d. 28 July, 1862). Married Charles Greville.
• Mary Cavendish-Bentinck (d. 6 November, 1843).

Portland is a great-great-great-grandfather of Queen Elizabeth II (see Ancestry of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom).

[edit] The Duke of Portland's First Ministry, April - December 1783

• The Duke of Portland - First Lord of the Treasury
• Lord Stormont - Lord President of the Council
• Lord Carlisle - Lord Privy Seal
• Lord North - Secretary of State for the Home Department
• Charles James Fox - Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
• Lord Keppel - First Lord of the Admiralty
• Lord John Cavendish - Chancellor of the Exchequer
• Lord Townshend - Master-General of the Ordnance
• Lord Northington - Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland
• The Great Seal is in Commission

[edit] The Duke of Portland's Second Ministry, March 1807 - October 1809

• The Duke of Portland - First Lord of the Treasury
• Lord Eldon - Lord Chancellor
• Lord Camden - Lord President of the Council
• Lord Westmorland - Lord Privy Seal
• Lord Hawkesbury, after 1808, Lord Liverpool - Secretary of State for the Home Department
• George Canning - Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
• Lord Castlereagh - Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
• Lord Mulgrave - First Lord of the Admiralty
• Spencer Perceval - Chancellor of the Exchequer and of the Duchy of Lancaster
• Lord Chatham - Master-General of the Ordnance
• Lord Bathurst - President of the Board of Trade

Changes

• July, 1809 - Lord Harrowby, the President of the Board of Control, and Lord Granville Leveson-Gower, the Secretary at War, enter the Cabinet

Political offices
Preceded by: The Earl Gower	Lord Chamberlain 1765–1766	Succeeded by: The Earl of Hertford
Preceded by: The Earl of Carlisle	Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1782	Succeeded by: The Earl Temple
Preceded by: The Earl of Shelburne	Prime Minister 1783	Succeeded by: William Pitt the Younger
	Leader of the House of Lords 1783	Succeeded by: The Lord Sydney
Preceded by: Henry Dundas	Home Secretary 1794–1801	Succeeded by: Lord Pelham
Preceded by: The Earl of Chatham	Lord President of the Council 1801–1805	Succeeded by: The Viscount Sidmouth
Preceded by: —	Minister without Portfolio 1805–1806	Succeeded by: —
Preceded by: The Lord Grenville	Prime Minister 1807–1809	Succeeded by: Spencer Perceval
Honorary Titles
Preceded by: Lord North	President of the Foundling Hospital 1793–1809	Succeeded by: The Prince of Wales (afterwards George IV)
Preceded by: The Duke of Newcastle	Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire 1795–1809	Succeeded by: The Duke of Newcastle
Peerage of England
Preceded by: William Bentinck	Duke of Portland 1762–1809	Succeeded by: William Bentinck

Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1px" rowspan="2"> Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg </td>

Walpole, Wilmington, Pelham, Newcastle, Devonshire, Newcastle, Bute, G Grenville, Rockingham, Chatham (Pitt the Elder), Grafton, North, Rockingham, Shelburne, Portland, Pitt the Younger, Addington, Pitt the Younger, W Grenville, Portland, Perceval, Liverpool, Canning, Goderich, Wellington, Grey, Melbourne, Peel, Melbourne, Peel, Russell, Derby, Aberdeen, Palmerston, Derby, Palmerston, Russell, Derby, Disraeli, Gladstone, Disraeli, Gladstone, Salisbury, Gladstone, Salisbury, Gladstone, Rosebery, Salisbury, Balfour, Campbell-Bannerman, Asquith, Lloyd George, Bonar Law, Baldwin, MacDonald, Baldwin, MacDonald, Baldwin, Chamberlain, Churchill, Attlee, Churchill, Eden, Macmillan, Douglas-Home, Wilson, Heath, Wilson, Callaghan, Thatcher, Major, Blair

de:William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck, 3. Duke of Portland

fr:William Cavendish-Bentinck (3ème duc de Portland) it:William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck sv:William Henry Cavendish-Bentinck, 3:e hertig av Portland zh:威廉·卡文狄希-本廷克，第三代波特蘭公爵