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Image:Yuman-Cochimi langs.png

Yuman-Cochimí is a family of languages spoken in Baja California and northern Sonora in Mexico and southern California and southwestern Arizona in the USA.

[edit] Genetic relations

The Yuman-Cochimí family consists of about 11 languages:

I. Cochimí

1. Cochimí (a.k.a. Cochimi) (†) (may include separate Northern Cochimí and Southern Cochimí languages)

II. Yuman

A. California-Delta Yuman

i. Diegueño (a.k.a. California Yuman, Diegueno)

2. Ipai language (a.k.a. ’Iipay, Northern Diegueño)

3. Kumeyaay language (a.k.a. Eastern Diegueño, Central-Eastern Diegueño, Kamia)

4. Tipai language (a.k.a. Tiipay, Southern Diegueño)

ii. Delta Yuman

5. Cocopa language (a.k.a. Cucapa') (cf. also Kahwan, Halyikwamai)

B. River Yuman

6. Quechan language (a.k.a. Yuma, Kwtsan, Kwtsaan, Kwut'san)

7. Maricopa language (a.k.a. Pii-Paash) (cf. also Halchidhoma)

8. Mohave language (a.k.a. Mojave)

C. Pai

9. Northern Pai (a.k.a. Upland Yuman, Northern Yuman, Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai, Upper Colorado River Yuman, Upper River Yuman)

a. Hualapai dialect (a.k.a Walapai, Hualpai, Hwalbáy)

b. Yavapai dialect

c. Havasupai dialect

10. Paipai (a.k.a. Akwa’ala) (possibly only distinct from Northern Pai at the dialect level)

D. Kiliwa

11. Kiliwa

Cochimí is now extinct. Cucapá is the Spanish name for the Cocopa. Kamia is the name for the eastern Kumeyaay that live in the Colorado Desert on both sides of the international border. The language Northern Pai (or Upland Yuman) consists of the three different varieties (Hualapai, Yavapai, Havasupai) which have often been reported as separate languages. (They are, in fact, quite similar to each other linguistically). Some observers have also reported that Paipai is mutually intelligible with Northern Pai. Some observers have suggested that the Diegueño languages are mutually intelligible dialects.

[edit] Links

• Ethnologue: Yuman

[edit] Bibliography

• Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The Languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X.
• Mixco, Mauricio J. (2006). "The indigenous languages". In The Prehistory of Baja California: Advances in the Archaeology of the Forgotten Peninsula, edited by Don Laylander and Jerry D. Moore, pp. 24-41.br:Yezhoù youmek-kotchimek

ca:Llengües yuma-cochimí de:Cochimí-Yuma-Sprachen es:Lenguas yumano-cochimíes